Thrust Cylindrical Roller Bearing

The thrust cylindrical roller bearing is a type of rolling bearing mainly designed to withstand axial loads. It transmits force through the linear contact between the cylindrical rollers and the thrust raceway, featuring high axial load-bearing capacity and strong impact resistance. It is widely used in rotating machinery that needs to withstand large axial forces.

1. Product Definition
The thrust cylindrical roller bearing is mainly used to withstand unidirectional or bidirectional axial loads. Its core structure consists of the inner ring (in close fit with the shaft), the outer ring (in close fit with the bearing housing), cylindrical rollers, and the cage. The rollers are cylindrical and form line contact with the parallel raceways of the inner ring and outer ring, which enables them to withstand greater axial loads compared to ball bearings with point contact. This type of bearing cannot withstand radial loads and has a high requirement for installation coaxiality. It needs to be precisely aligned with the equipment shaft system to avoid additional torque. Depending on the direction of force, it can be divided into unidirectional thrust cylindrical roller bearings (only bearing unidirectional axial force) and bidirectional thrust cylindrical roller bearings (able to withstand bidirectional axial force, usually with an intermediate spacer ring), suitable for different working conditions.
2. Core Features
High axial load capacity: The line contact design of the rollers and raceways significantly increases the force area, enabling the bearing to withstand much greater axial loads than the same-sized thrust ball bearings, especially for heavy-duty equipment (such as metallurgical machinery, heavy machine tools), and some large models can withstand axial forces of several thousand kilonewtons.
Good impact resistance: The rollers and raceways are made of high-quality alloy steel, and are processed through precision manufacturing processes such as quenching and grinding. The components have high hardness and toughness, and can operate stably in environments with impact loads (such as mining machinery crushing mechanisms), being less prone to deformation or damage due to impact.
Suitable for medium and low-speed conditions: Due to the high contact stress between the rollers and raceways under axial loads, this type of bearing is more suitable for medium and low-speed rotation scenarios (typically with a rotational speed not exceeding 3000 r/min). For high-speed operation, a complete lubrication system is required to control temperature rise and avoid lubrication failure-induced wear.
Splitable and easy to maintain: The inner ring and outer ring of the unidirectional thrust cylindrical roller bearing can be disassembled separately. When a component is worn, only the damaged part (such as the roller or cage) needs to be replaced, reducing maintenance costs; the intermediate spacer ring of the bidirectional type can also adjust the axial clearance of the bearing, adapting to different installation requirements.
Diverse sealing design: Some models are equipped with rubber sealing rings (such as contact-type sealing rings) or dust covers, which can effectively prevent dust, oil, and other contaminants from entering the bearing interior, reducing abrasive wear between the rollers and raceways, and reducing lubricant loss, thereby extending the bearing's service life.
3. Key Parameters
Rated axial load: It is divided into basic rated axial dynamic load (Cₐ) and basic rated axial static load (C₀ₐ). The former represents the constant axial load that the bearing can withstand during its rated life, while the latter is the maximum axial load that the bearing can withstand when stationary or rotating slowly, and is the core basis for selection.
Dimensional parameters: Measured in millimeters, the key dimensions include the inner diameter (diameter for fitting with the shaft), outer diameter (outer diameter of the outer ring), and height (total thickness of the inner ring and outer ring). For example, the inner diameter of the common model 81210 is 50mm, the outer diameter is 80mm, and the height is 22mm. It needs to be precisely matched with the shaft diameter of the equipment and the size of the bearing housing.
Roller parameters: Include the number of rollers, the diameter and length of the rollers. The more rollers and the longer the length, the stronger the bearing's load-bearing capacity, but it will increase the rotational resistance; during design, a balance needs to be struck between load-bearing capacity and rotational flexibility, and heavy-duty models typically use more and longer rollers.
Accuracy grade: According to the GB/T 307.1 standard, it is divided into five grades: P0 (ordinary level), P6, P5, P4, and P2. The higher the accuracy, the better the parallelism of the inner ring and outer ring and the consistency of roller dimensions, suitable for equipment with high rotational accuracy (such as precision machine tool spindles), and ordinary industrial equipment mostly uses P0 or P6 grades.
4. Typical Models
Unidirectional thrust cylindrical roller bearing - 81210 (GB/T model) This model is a universal unidirectional type, with an inner diameter of 50mm, an outer diameter of 80mm, and a height of 22mm. The rated axial dynamic load is 112kN, and the rated axial static load is 208kN. It uses a stamping cage, with a compact structure, suitable for medium and small-sized heavy-duty equipment such as crane drums and compressor crankshafts, capable of stably bearing unidirectional axial forces, and is easy to install and maintain.
Bidirectional thrust cylindrical roller bearing - 82210 (GB type)
It consists of two raceways, a seat ring, and an intermediate spacer ring. The inner diameter is 50mm, the outer diameter is 80mm, and the total height is 42mm. It can withstand bidirectional axial loads. The axial clearance can be controlled by adjusting the thickness of the spacer ring. It is suitable for equipment requiring bidirectional positioning, such as vertical motor rotors and gearbox output shafts. It can effectively limit the bidirectional movement of the shaft system and ensure the stability of operation.
Sealed unidirectional thrust cylindrical roller bearing - 81210-RS
It is based on 81210, with an additional single-sided contact rubber sealing ring (RS). The sealing lip is closely attached to the raceway, providing excellent dustproof and waterproof performance. It is suitable for environments with a lot of dust (such as conveyor drum rollers in mining machinery). The rated axial dynamic load is slightly lower than the ordinary type (about 105kN), but the maintenance cycle is extended by more than 30%, reducing the frequency of downtime maintenance.
5. Application fields
Metallurgical industry: In the balance device of rolling mills and the vibration system of continuous casting machines, thrust cylindrical roller bearings bear the axial thrust of the rolls and the reciprocating axial force of the crystallizer. With high load-bearing capacity and impact resistance, they ensure the continuity of the rolling process. Common models are 817 series (large heavy-duty type).
Heavy machinery: The lifting drum of cranes and the rotating platform of excavators need to withstand axial loads generated by lifting heavy objects or rotating the platform. The bearings can stably transfer axial forces, avoiding axial movement of the shaft system, and ensuring operational safety. The 812 or 822 series with sealing are mostly selected.
Machine tools: The spindle of vertical machining centers and the tailstock of horizontal lathes need to precisely control axial positioning accuracy. Commonly, 811 series with P5 grade accuracy are selected. Combined with a precise lubrication system, it reduces axial runout of the main shaft and improves the dimensional accuracy of processed parts.
General machinery: The shaft end of the rotor of compressors and water pumps, which bear axial thrust generated by gas compression or liquid transportation, are suitable for medium and low-speed rotating conditions. Through reasonable selection (such as matching the model according to the rated load), the equipment can operate stably for a long time and reduce the probability of failure.
Mining equipment: The eccentric shaft of crushers and the exciter of vibrating screens, facing impact loads and dusty environments, mostly adopt impact-resistant and sealed thrust cylindrical roller bearings, such as 813 series (thick-walled heavy-duty type), which can withstand impact and prevent dust from entering, extending the service life of the equipment.

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